MOTION

Motion: A body is said to be in motion when its position changing continuously with time relative to an observer.

It is mathematically described in terms of displacement, distance, speed, velocity, acceleration and time.

Types of Motion: Everything naturally wants to move and change.

There are different types of motion. They are

 

1) Linear motion: Moving along straight line. Ex: walking on road.

        

2) Circular motion: Moving along a circle. Ex: motion of fan

                                    

3)Oscillatory motion: To and fro motion in a regular way. Ex: movement of a swing. 

Distance and Displacement: 

The length of the path traversed by an object is called distance.

The shortest distance covered by an object in specified path is called displacement.

Distance is a scalar quantity. As it has only magnitude.

Displacement is a vector quantity. As it has both magnitude and direction.

Unit of distance and displacement is metre and is denoted by 'm'.

Other units km,cm,mm etc 

1 km = 1000 m

1 m  = 100 cm

1 cm = 10 mm

Speed and Velocity: 

The distance covered by an object in unit time is called speed.

                Average Speed = Total distance / Total time.

Speed gives idea of how fast a body moves.

The diplacement of an object per unit time is called velocity.

Average velocity = Displacement / time.

Velocity gives idea of how fast a body moves in a specified direction.

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